Net zero means cutting greenhouse gas emissions as far as possible and balancing whatever remains by removing the same amount from the air. It is now a common goal for companies, cities and countries.
What net zero is not
Net zero is not the same as zero emissions. A company can still release some gas, as long as it is balanced by real removal. That is why the plan behind the label matters more than the label.
How a company sets a target
First it measures its emissions across all three scopes. Then it sets a date and a path, with short term cuts along the way. Last, it plans for the small leftover amount. Our guide to the carbon footprint explains the scopes.
Why short term goals matter
A target for a distant year is easy to set and easy to delay. Near term goals with clear yearly steps show real progress and are harder to ignore.
Questions to ask about any claim
Does the target cover all emissions or only some? How much comes from cuts and how much from offsets? Is it checked by a third party? The Science Based Targets initiative sets standards for credible plans.
The takeaway
Net zero is a useful goal when it comes with data, deadlines and honest reporting. Without those, it is only a slogan.
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